If you haven’t already seen them yet, I recommend reviewing our lessons about the modal verb MUST and also the lesson about difference between MUST and HAVE TO. In this lesson we are going to look at the difference between MUSTN’T and DON’T HAVE TO. What is the difference between MUSTN’T and DON’T HAVE TO? Be careful with the negative of Must and Have to. There is a BIG difference in meaning between Mustn’t and Don’t have to. Mustn’t means something is prohibited or it is not allowed. It is important that you do NOT do something Don’t have to means there is NO obligation to do something. You are not required to do something, especially if you don’t want to. You can do the thing if you want to. Let’s compare the two together where it will make a lot more sense. You must not drink that. = This means it is forbidden to drink that. = Don’t drink that because it is not allowed. = It is important that you do NOT drink it. You don’t have to drink that. = You don’t need to drink that but you can if you want. = There is no obligation to drink that, you decide if you want to. You can see that Mustn’t is a negative obligation while Don’t have to is an absence of obligation. Don’t have to means it is not necessary, it is not compulsory, but you have a choice. You have the choice to drink that or not. However Mustn’t is an obligation NOT to do something, in this case NOT to drink that. Let’s compare another example You mustn’t tell John, and You don’t have to tell John. Can you see the difference? You mustn’t tell John. = Do not tell John. = You are not allowed to tell John. You don’t have to tell John. = you can tell John if you want to but it is not necessary. You decide if you want to. We can also use these in third person. Mustn’t is the same for everyone but don’t have to becomes doesn’t have to in third person. She mustn’t come. = It is important that she does NOT come. Maybe because we are organizing a surprise for her and we don’t want her to know about it. She doesn’t have to come. = Here we let her now about the meeting or whatever. She is not required to come but she can if she wants to. Notice how we used doesn’t have to instead of don’t have to. PRACTICE ACTIVITY Let’s practice. Complete the sentences with MUSTN’T or DON’T HAVE TO. You ________ come if you don’t want to. I ________ be at the meeting but I think I’ll go anyway. Passengers ________ speak to the driver. You ________ eat it if you don’t like it. In boxing, you ________ hit your opponent below the belt. They ________ talk to each other during the exam. You ________ pay for your tickets now but you can if you want. You ________ play with those wires. They’re dangerous. The answers appear in the video. MUSTN’T vs. DON’T HAVE TO Summary Chart Lesson tags Advice, Have, Modal Verbs, Must, Negative, Obligation Back to English Course > Modal Verbs

Must é um modal verb verbo modal que em frases afirmativas pode significar ter que, dever, precisar e em frases negativas pode indicar You must eat healthy food. Você deve/precisa/tem que comer comida saudável. She must not drink coffee so many times a day. Ela não deve beber café tantas vezes por dia.Assim como acontece com todos os verbos modais, must exerce a função de verbo auxiliar e por esse motivo, acompanha e influencia o sentido de um verbo verbo principal deve ser utilizado no infinitivo sem o to. Observe que no primeiro exemplo, o verbo principal é to eat, no entanto, ele foi utilizado sem o to eat.Quando usar must?Regra geral, podemos dizer que quando must é utilizado em frases afirmativas, indica a ideia de obrigação ou dedução. Já em frases negativas, a ideia indicada por must é de proibição. She must stop smoking. Ela tem que parar de fumar. – TER/OBRIGAÇÃO They must help him. Eles devem ajudá-lo. – DEVER/OBRIGAÇÃO He must be sleeping. Ele deve estar dormindo. – DEVER/DEDUÇÃO You must be here at 8 Você precisa estar aqui às 8h. – PRECISAR/OBRIGAÇÃO You must not drink and drive. Você não deve beber e dirigir. – DEVER/PROIBIÇÃOComo usar must?O verbo must pode ser utilizado em frases afirmativas, negativas e a tabela abaixo com a conjugação AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE I must study You must study He/she/it must study We must study You must study They must study I must not/mustn’t study You must not/mustn’t study He/she/it must not/mustn’t study We must not/mustn’t study You must not/mustn’t study They must not/mustn’t study Must I study? Must you study? Must he/she/it study? Must we study? Must you study? Must they study? IMPORTANTENa forma afirmativa, usamos o must para todas as pessoas, incluindo he/she/it. A regra do Simple Present que obriga ao acréscimo do –s para as flexões de terceira pessoa não é aplicada formar frases na forma negativa, podemos utilizar must not ou a forma contraída mustn’t. O significado de ambas as formas é fazer frases com must na forma interrogativa, basta alterar o posicionamento desse verbo modal na frase diferentemente do que acontece na afirmativa, na interrogativa o verbo must deve ser posicionado antes do entre must e have to Em frases afirmativas, tanto o verbo must quanto a construção verbal have to ou has to para he/she/it podem ser usados com o mesmo She has to wake up early. Ela tem que acordar cedo. She must wake up early. Ela tem que acordar cedo. We have to call the director tomorrow. Temos que telefonar para o diretor amanhã. We must call the director tomorrow. Temos que telefonar para o diretor amanhã.Must e have to podem ser usados para fazer referência ao presente e ao futuro. No entanto, para fazer referência ao passado, só podemos usar have como a maioria dos verbos modais, must não tem uma forma de passado. She had to wake up early. Ela teve que acordar cedo. We had to call the director yesterday. Tivemos que telefonar para o diretor ontem.Enquanto nas frases afirmativas podemos usar must ou have to sem que haja alteração de sentido, o mesmo não acontece nas frases frases negativas, o sentido será diferente consoante o verbo Paul must not go. Ele não deve ir. Paul doesn’t have to go. Ele não precisa ir.Observe que na primeira frase, com must, Paul não deve fazer o que está sendo referido ir a determinado lugar. Já na segunda frase, ele não precisa ir, mas se for, não tem outras palavras, o uso de must not indica praticamente uma ordem categórica e o uso de don’t have to com I, you, we e they ou doesn’t have to com he, she e it indica uma situação isto, conclui-se que a diferença entre o uso de must e have to está relacionada com as frases negativas, onde cada verbo dá um determinado sentido na frases afirmativas, o uso de uma ou outra forma é indiferente e o sentido se o vídeo e veja um resumo sobre o uso de as lacunas com a forma You must smoke b must not smoke c have to smoke d has to smoke Ver RespostaAlternativa correta b must not smoke 2. She _____________ on mustn’t arrive b must not arrive c have to arrive d has to arrive Ver RespostaAlternativa correta d has to arrive 3. We _____________ the bill must pay b must not pay c have to pay d had to pay Ver RespostaAlternativa correta d had to pay 4. Your mom is really tired. You _____________ her with the must help b must not help c has to help d mustn’t help Ver RespostaAlternativa correta a must help 5. You _____________ junk food must eat b have to eat c must not eat d has to eat Ver RespostaAlternativa correta c must not eat Saiba mais sobre verbos em inglêsComo usar o verbo modal might?Verbo to haveVerbo to beVerbos auxiliares em inglêsPhrasal verbsOught toShould Professora, lexicógrafa, tradutora, produtora de conteúdos e revisora. Licenciada em Letras Português, Inglês e Literaturas pelas Faculdades Integradas Simonsen, em 2002 e formada em 1999 no Curso de Magistério habilitação para lecionar na Educação Infantil e no Ensino Fundamental I.

For VOA Learning English, this is Everyday Grammar. This week's Everyday Grammar looks at how to use the modals may, must and might. Modal verbs called modals for short are auxiliary verbs that express a speaker’s attitude and the strength of that attitude. There are about 17 modals in English. They have multiple meanings and sometimes overlap in ways that are confusing to English learners. Today we will look at how we use these modals to express how certain, or sure, you are of something. Degrees of certainty in the present and past Grammar expert Betty Azar explains that these modals tell us how sure speakers are about what they are saying. A person who is 100 percent sure uses the verb be, as in, "I am sick." If they are mostly sure, say 95 percent, they will use the modal must, as in, "I must be sick." When speakers are about 50 percent sure, they will use the modals may, might, or could; as in "I may be sick. I might be sick. I could be sick." Might as the past tense of may Might is used as the past form of may. For example "I may take more pictures." This is a direct quote She said she might take more pictures. This is reported speech Notice how may changed to might. Modals change to a past form in reported speech. Yesterday we had a staff meeting. I looked around the room and noticed my co-worker Anna was not there. I asked, "Where's Anna?" and got three answers from my co-workers. Jonathan answered, "Oh, she may be making a video in the studio." Kelly said, "She might have stayed home today." Adam told us, "She called me to say she was doing an interview at the Capitol this morning. So she must still be working over there." In this conversation, you can see a change from may to might. May shows the speaker is not sure in the present moment "She may be making a video." May changes to might to express a possible state in the past "She might have stayed home." Finally, must expresses a strong certainty "She must be working there." People today do not always follow these rules about present and past tense for may and might. You will hear both words to express the same degree of certainty. English speakers still express strong certainty in phrases like, "It must be love." Listen for the word might in this song by The Cars. You might think it's foolish Or maybe it's untrue You might think I'm crazy But all I want is you By using might, the singer is expressing about 50 percent certainty. Degrees of uncertainty in the future Now let's look at how we express certainty about the future. My friend Andy has a test next week. He has studied very hard for months. I told him, "You will do well on the test. Don't worry." I believe with 100 percent certainty that Andy will pass the test. On the other hand, Carrie, who has to take the same test, just began studying last week. I warned her, "You might not do well on the test. You should study more this weekend." I am not so sure that Carrie will pass. In fact, I doubt it. I express that future possibility with might. May is sometimes used to express hope The idea of possible future events lets English speakers use may to talk about hopes. You will see may on greeting cards and in prayers or religious writings. A quick look at Google Ngrams shows that few people are using may in this way. Now, it is much more common to hear "I hope that." Google Ngram of "may you" The group Celtic Woman sings of their wishes in "May it Be" May it be an evening star, Shines down upon you. May it be when darkness falls, Your heart will be true. Traditional poems and prayers also use may to express positive sentiments. This is part of an old Irish blessing May the road rise up to meet you. May the wind always be at your back. May the sun shine warm upon your face. With that in mind, the Everyday Grammar team says, "May you find our articles useful." I’m Jill Robbins. And I'm Adam Brock. Dr. Jill Robbins wrote this story for Learning English. Adam Brock was the editor. ________________________________________________________________ Words in This Story certain - adj. not having any doubt about something; convinced or sure positive - adj. thinking that a good result will happen hopeful or optimistic modal verb - a verb such as can, could, shall, should, ought to, will, or would that is usually used with another verb to express ideas such as possibility, necessity, and permission auxiliary verb - a verb such as have, be, may, do, shall, will, can, or must that is used with another verb to show the verb's tense, to form a question, etc. Now it’s your turn. Write a sentence using may, might, or must. We'll check your grammar in the Comments section. Everyday Grammar - May, Might, Must May, Might Must - past modals

Good morning Amanda. I am Professor Christopher Maskulak. I am a native English speaker from Canada. Thank you for your question. I can certainly help you with this question and explain the uses of the modal verb MUST. For most modal verbs, there are several uses for each of the modal verbs depending on the context and how the modal or modal auxiliary verb is being used. In the case of the modal verb MUST, there are three possible uses. The most direct translation to Portuguese in this case is DEVE from the verb DEVER 1 MUST can be used as a modal to show NECESSITY or OBLIGATION. You MUST work late tonight or You MUST see your grandmother this weekend. 2 MUST may also be used as a modal to represent Prohibition and in this case is always used in the negative. Workers MUST NOT enter the production area without saftey equipment. It is possible informally in speech to use the contraction of MUST NOT which is MUSTN'T. 3 MUST can be used as modal to represent CERTAINTY, it is very certain but not 100%. Don't get caught up with numbers and percentages, many grammar books will say something like 90-95% certain. This is just a representation of the level of certainty. In this case using MUST we are deducing something that is probably true. We don't really know why she is late, but we are deducing a likely possibility. Hope this helps. Have a great day.

Should, have to, dan must adalah modals obligation. Modals obligation sendiri adalah jenis modals yang digunakan untuk menunjukan keharusan atau ketiga modals obligation tersebut memiliki fungsi yang sama, tapi dalam aturan penggunaannya should, have to, must memiliki aturannya latihan berikut dimaksudkan untuk menilai sejauh mana kemampuan kita dalam membedakan ketiga jenis modals obligation tersebut terutama dalam penggunaannya pada sebuah yang akan kita bahas kali ini merupakan soal isian pendek, kita diharuskan memilih bentuk modals obligation yang paling tepat untuk setiap kalimat yang juga sudah pernah memposting variasi soal latihan modals obligation must, have to, should dalam bentuk pilihan mari kita coba soal latihan dalam bentuk isian soal soal isian dan pembahasan should, have to, must of obligation should, have to, must exerciseFill in the blank with the most appropriate modals of obligation must, have to, modals could also be in negative form depend on the sentence I . . . . . bring hand-sanitizer every time due to pandemic You . . . . . eat chocolate too much. It's not good for your health. 3. I . . . . . finish reading this book Risa . . . . . come to the meeting today. She is the IT team. The meeting is for marketing staff I think the students . . . . . bring their own lunch to minimize the possibility of getting infected. 6. Every guest who comes to my house . . . . . smoke cigarette or vape. If they insist to smoke they must leave my Helen Should we wait for Aaron?Carl We . . . . . Let's begin without Helen Should we wait for Aaron?Carl Aaron will be late. He . . . . . deliver his sister first before he gets The new employee needs to understand that if he wants to be promoted, he . . . . . work The room is being sterilized. Everyone . . . . . enter the We . . . . . be at bus station 15 minutes early otherwise we won't be able to go home because it's the last You . . . . . go to to get the newest English I told him yesterday he . . . . . pay for the flu shot. It's Why is Claire doing here? She . . . . . be at the office now. Isn't she still on medication? 15. You . . . . . go out without wearing uniform. It's still working hours, unless you want to get a Sooner or later Tina . . . . . tell her problem. She can't solve her problem by herself. She needs a You . . . . . be more nice to Mindy if you want to win her heart. 18. This is maximum security room, everybody . . . . . show their personal ID when they enter the room. 19. Nick Hello Kellen what's up?Kellen I'm Hey, can you come tomorrow to the park? Jessica and I will make free running I'm sorry, I can't. I . . . . . stand by at the warehouse. My boss tells me there will be more stuffs coming tomorrow. 20. Mom "Ricky stop being lazy! You . . . . . tidy your room before you hang out with your friends. This is the end of modals of obligation should, have to, must jawaban soal isian dan pembahasan should, have to, mustBerikut kunci jawaban dan pembahasan soal isian modals of obligation should, have to dan have tokeharusan karena keadaan / situasi2. shouldn'tnasihat bernada negatif3. mustkeharusan berdasarkan tekad diri sendiri4. doesn't have to memberi tahukan sesuatu yang tidak perlu dilakukan5. shouldkeharusan berupa pendapat6. must notmenyatakan sebuah larangan7. don't have tomemberi tahukan sesuatu yang tidak perlu dilakukan8. has tomenunjukkan sebuah keharusan yang digunakan dalam sebuah percakapan, menggunakan has karena subject orang ketiga tunggal9. mustkeharusan berdasarkan tekad diri sendiri10. must notmenyatakan sebuah larangan11. have tokeharusan karena keadaan / situasi12. shouldkeharusan yang bermakna saran / nasihat13. didn't have to memberi tahukan sesuatu yang tidak perlu dilakukan dalam bentuk past tense14. shouldn'tnasihat bernada negatif15. must notmenyatakan sebuah larangan16. has to keharusan karena keadaan / situasi, menggunakan has karena subject orang ketiga tunggal17. shouldkeharusan yang bermakna saran / nasihat18. mustmenunjukan sebuah kewajiban / keharusan dalam sebuah aturan19. have tomenunjukkan sebuah keharusan yang digunakan dalam sebuah percakapan20. mustmemberikan nasihat yang kuatDownload soal PDFDimensi Bahasa Inggris"Semangat menebar manfaat."

Many learners confuse how to use the words must’ and mustn’t’ in English. While they might seem tricky, they are actually quite simple to use. Must’ is a modal verb, which means it does not show an action like most verbs. Instead, we use it to show two things, necessity or can use must’ in a sentence to talk about something we need to do. For example, I must get my hair cut before my meeting tomorrow’. In this sentence, we can see it is important for me to get my hair cut before the meeting. Maybe I want to make a good impression on my boss!The opposite is must not’ or mustn’t’. We use this to talk about thinks we need to avoid doing. For example I mustn’t drink too much beer at this party’. In this sentence, we can see that I don’t think it is a good idea to drink too much beer at the party and want to avoid doing it. This might be because of my important meeting with my are other modal verbs for talking about necessity, such as have to’. Usually when we use the word must’ it is because the speaker has decided something is necessary to do. In the example above, the speaker decided it would be a good idea to cut his hair. When we use have to’, it is often because someone else has decided the action is necessary. For example I have to cut my hair because long hair isn’t allowed at my new company’. Improve your English grammar, vocabulary and more with EF English Live PossibilityWhen we are talking about possible causes of a situation or action, we can use the word must’ to show we are fairly sure of the reason behind something. For exampleThe cookies are missing. Sally must have taken this example, the speaker is sure that Sally is the person who took the cookies. Maybe Sally loves cookies or has a history of taking food from the kitchen. Whatever the reason, the speaker has decided that it was Sally who took the the opposite situation, we use couldn’t’ or can’t’ instead of mustn’t’. For exampleThe cookies are missing. Jayne couldn’t have taken this example, the speaker is sure that Jayne didn’t take the cookies. Perhaps she is on a diet or just doesn’t like them. Either way, the speaker has decided that it’s not possible that Jayne took this situation, we never use mustn’t’. Using mustn’t’ in this situation is a common problem with English learners so make sure you avoid doing it must have been interesting finding out about these words if you’ve read this far in the article. If you found it useful, comment on it below or share it with your friends on social you want to learn more English online, you can try our courses and learn more with private teachers. WilWil is a writer, teacher, learning technologist and keen language learner. He’s taught English in classrooms and online for nearly 10 years, trained teachers in using classroom and web technology, and written e-learning materials for several major websites. He speaks four languages and is currently looking for another one to start learning.

The first examples are what is called the epistemic use of the modals "can" and "must" they're saying things about the speaker's knowledge and expectations, not about possibilities or powers in the real world. They both say "I am sure that" or "I conclude that" it isn't broken. Certainly can't is more likely there in BrE I don't know about AmE. In BrE, epistemic "mustn't" is more commonly used to mean something like "I conclude that", often with a hint of surprise, eg he mustn't have found the box means something like "I thought he would find the box, but judging from what happened afterwards, he didn't find it". It musn't be broken is certainly possible, but has a hint of surprise which is not there in It can't be broken. The other use is deontic it's not about the speaker's knowledge, but about potentialities and obligations in the real world. In that context, "must" and "can" have very different meanings you must not even touch it means "you are not permitted to touch it", or "you risk some awful consequence if you touch it", whereas "you cannot even touch it note that "cannot" is one word, not two means "it is not possible for you to touch it". This can sometimes be intepreted as social or institutional possibility, and so means the same as "must not", but it could also refer to some other kind or possibility, such as "it is not physically possible for you to touch it". The relationship between epistemic can and must has little in common with the relationship between deontic can and must.

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